Knowledge enables choices in life in the creative advance
| Prof. Dr. Jelena Boškovic - 16 Apr 2024

Reason is the natural light with which a person perceives, perceives, understands, comprehends, and illuminates the world around him. A scientist and philosopher of science uses the natural light of his reason to learn the truth about himself and the world. Knowledge of science will give us a better understanding of the nature around us and the functioning of man as an individual in the environment. Scientific achievements should be for the benefit of humanity, not against the ethical rules of science. We have witnessed how much science has been misused for the profit of certain social groups. Especially, if we consider the former importance of atomic physics and compare it with Genetics - immeasurable. With the recombination of genes with different scientific techniques, a rich individual can destroy everything that has been created through the development of civilization, and in the end, all sense of scientific progress is lost. Never in the history of human development have such possibilities of developing biological weapons and keeping the entire Planet in one vicious circle been provided. On this occasion, I address you all, because you understand: What is science and education?

This implies continuous learning and improvement (acquisition and ability to apply new knowledge, values, acquisition of skills, etc.). Individuals firmly integrated into society, "equipped" with new knowledge and skills, represent the most valuable human resource. They contribute to the development of society as a whole; the improvement of material position and quality of life, development and promotion of human needs. That is why it is necessary that in all societies knowledge and education are recognized as important levers of development, that a significant part of public material resources is allocated for them, and that educational institutions, especially higher education institutions, in particular, are closely connected with the labor market and the cooperation of various social entities (educational institutions, business entities, social partners, international cooperation, etc.). The development of human resources should be realized in the direction of recognizing the abilities, possibilities, interests, and needs of individuals, and through the educational process they should be guided and trained for different social roles. Knowledge (science, education, creation) has always been a powerful driver of social development.

However, knowledge has become a general social need in modern society; it has economic, political, and cultural significance (enables employment, social cohesion, creation of economic wealth, development of various needs, and various types of activism). Individuals and social groups position themselves in society with the knowledge they have. It improves all areas of a person's life and actions. Investing in science, research, and education in developed countries is not treated as consumption, but as investment. This turned out to be correct because the consequences of the current world economic crisis were felt to a much lesser extent by countries that invest funds in science and research and make changes in education through technological changes. "Widespread benefits to society for the development and research discoveries of highly educated people in all scientific fields." All the mentioned social benefits are a reason for financing education from the available funds of a state."

In most developed countries, knowledge-based industries (high technology, education and training, research and development, financial and investment sector) had a large share in the achievement of business results. New technologies move the boundaries in education (electronic communication, exchange of various learning activities), and lead to changes in workplaces and types of jobs. They are included at all levels of education, which gives the possibility for greater availability of knowledge and learning for all. This should further result in the reduction of class differences or divisions in society. However, not everyone has equal access to new technologies, so information poverty appears as a serious problem and an obstacle in reducing class differences. In developed countries, the rate of functional literacy is high (although there are differences according to gender, age, and social origin), but this is not the case in underdeveloped countries. The knowledge-based global economy can lead to an even greater push of poor countries to the margins of economic development, and the reason for this is their information poverty. On the other hand, the protagonists of information technology do not share this opinion and "believe that the use of computers does not have to lead to greater national and global inequalities - their strength lies in connecting people and creating new opportunities."

In every society, institutions are shaped by their needs, so through educational institutions and their activities, individuals are prepared and trained to be able to contribute to the development of society. The development of the education system from the beginning of the 19th century was largely influenced by the processes of industrialization and urbanization, which required an educated and capable workforce (functional literacy, general knowledge, skills, etc.). The development of science and technology in modern society significantly changes the concept and role of education. Modern education does not only mean functional literacy and encyclopedic knowledge, and socialization but also the development of the creative potential of individuals, their abilities and ambitions, the acquisition of practical and applicable knowledge. Knowledge is found in all segments of modern society because work and business activities in this society require educated and complete personalities. Thus, through the process of education, individuals are trained for professional and other roles. Knowledge is treated as a basic resource of economics and any other development. It is inseparably connected with education. As a direct result of science and scientific research, knowledge initiates and directs all social flows, and raises the overall level of development of society, because it produces innovations and new information. It is constantly changing and progressing.

The possibility and ability to "transfer" and apply acquired knowledge in social reality are important here. This knowledge (the totality of facts, information, and skills acquired through education and experience) should be developed from the very inclusion of the individual in the educational process and further through all stages of this process, but, of course, attention should be focused on higher and lifelong education.



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